Scouring is a purifying
treatment of textiles. The objective of scouring is to reduce the amount of
impurities sufficiently to obtain level and reproducible results in dyeing and
finishing operations. Scouring agents can be generally classified into
different groups.
The loom state cotton fabric
contains about 8-12% natural impurities of total weight of the fibre. These
impurities mainly consists of waxes, proteins, pectic substances and mineral matters. In addition to
this, the mechanically held impurities called 'motes' are present containing
seed-coat fragments, aborted seeds and leaves etc. that clinge to the fibre.
Apart from these, the loom-state fabric is also contaminated with adventiteous
oils such as machine oils, tars, greases etc.
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| Classification Of Scouring agents |
Mechanism of Removal of
Impurities
The action of alkaline scouring agent is to saponify any residual oils, to neutralize carboxylic acids, to solubilize any sizing materials and to cause dispersion of naturally occuring impurities in natural fibres. Table summarizes the removal process involved during scouring.
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